Homofobia y transfobia en docentes y estudiantes de la carrera de orientación familiar de la Universidad de Cuenca, 2024 – 2025

Abstract

Homophobia and transphobia is a social phenomenon constituted by a series of violent physical, psychological, and social representations that affect the health and integral development of homosexual and transsexual people who are part of a historically excluded group. In this way, the present research aims to identify homophobia and transphobia in teachers and students of the Family Guidance Career at the University of Cuenca in the period 2024 - 2025. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used with a quantitative method. The population comprised the entire universe, with 200 participants including teachers and students, aged 18 and 65 years. The instruments used for data collection were: sociodemographic survey, Homophobia Scale (EHF-10), Homosexuality Attitude Scale (EAH-10), Gender Ideology and Transphobia Scale (GTS) and Negative Attitudes towards Trans People Scale (EANT); which were sent digitally to the participants. Descriptive statistics were applied for the analysis of the information. The results were presented in personalized tables and the rigorous bioethical procedures were applied, which indicate that 13% of the participants had homophobia and 45% transphobia. In addition, 46% demonstrated homophobic attitudes and 49.5% negative transphobic attitudes. Therefore, the existence of homophobic and transphobic behaviors in the study population was evident, because about half of the universe presented them.