Multiple Myeloma: A Case Report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26871/ceus.v8i2.313Keywords:
Multiple myeloma, plasmacytoma, bone marrow transplantAbstract
Introduction: Multiple myeloma is a type of plasma cell neoplasm characterized by the production of monoclonal immunoglobulins. Treatment relies on immunomodulators, proteasome inhibitors, antibodies, and steroids; if these fail, an autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant may be required.
Clinical Case: A 60-year-old patient presented with back pain. A CT scan revealed lytic bone lesions throughout the skeleton and a left-sided dorsal tumor. Bone marrow analysis showed elevated beta-2 microglobulin, and a biopsy of the dorsal tumor confirmed a plasmacytoma. The patient was diagnosed with multiple myeloma and treated with eight cycles of the CTD regimen (cyclophosphamide, thalidomide, and dexamethasone) and 30 Gy of radiotherapy. Due to a persistent increase in clonal plasma cells, the treatment was switched to the VTD regimen (bortezomib, thalidomide, and dexamethasone) for eight cycles, followed by a successful allogeneic bone marrow transplant.
Conclusions: Multiple myeloma is a relatively common hematologic neoplasm that should be suspected in patients over 60 years of age presenting with multiple lytic lesions associated with chest wall tumors, as seen in this case.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Nathalie Cristina Pinos Vélez, Ariana Camila Buñay Avila, Ana Cristina Chacon Alvarez
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